The overdose crisis in the United States is continually evolving and rapid knowledge generation is critical to preventing unnecessary deaths and promoting public health. The Rapid Response and Pilot Research (RRPR) Core seeks to respond to this challenge of generating evidence that can quickly be adopted into the field. RRPR proposes an effective and efficient process to facilitate research and evaluation discoveries and translation of practices to the field. RRPR will administer small grants that assess the impact of emerging policies and practices; pilot new promising approaches to overdose and issues related to criminal legal system (CLS) involvement; and analyze JCOIN 1.0 data. The RRPR is grounded in four specific aims. Aim 1: Reestablish an Advisory Committee from within and outside JCOIN. The RRPR Advisory Committee will represent each of the JCOIN Hubs, the Coordination and Translation Center (CTC), the Methodology and Advanced Analytics Resource Center, individuals and families with lived experience of CLS involvement, individuals who work in systems at the intersection of public health and CLS involvement, and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Aim 2: Refine and improve the infrastructure, policies, procedures, and management for a rapid cycle pilot research and evaluation application and grant-funding program in collaboration with the CTC and NIDA. Aim 3: Monitor funded programs through quarterly and annual reporting. Aim 4: Improve the processes for encouraging novel research and evaluation projects by refining the proposal submission portal for non-JCOIN and JCOIN scholars and practitioners to connect and collaborate with JCOIN Investigators. The proposed JCOIN 2.0 will widen its recruitment efforts for grant applicants in collaboration with the Dissemination and Stakeholder Engagement, Research Education, and Administrative Cores of the CTC. JCOIN 1.0 Research Hubs, Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Agency technical assistance providers, and the Bureau of Justice Assistance COSSUP technical assistance providers will also be engaged to tap into the extensive networks and partnerships for prospective grant applicants. The priority areas for proposals will be developed in collaboration with NIDA, the CTC, JCOIN Steering Committee (RRPR), and the RRPR Advisory Board. Proposals can have up to $150,000 in total costs for up to 24 months, and individuals may receive up to two awards. Each funded project will have a self-identified set of milestones, deliverables, and performance metrics to report to the CTC and NIDA. Building on JCOIN 1.0 lessons learned, the CTC will introduce a new service to facilitate the dissemination of study findings in JCOIN 2.0. Drs. Taxman and Pettus from the CTC will host individual sessions with grantees to guide them through the journal article writing and paper submission processes. This will serve to further disseminate RRPR study findings, as well as reach the audiences for RRPR innovation st...