# Differentiation and function of transitional monocytes in cancer metastasis to the lung

> **NIH NIH F31** · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 2024 · $44,483

## Abstract

Project Summary/Abstract
Cancer metastasis occurs when cancer cells spread to distal organs from their site of origin, and it is the
leading cause of death in patients with solid cancers. When cancer spreads to the lung, various types of innate
immune cells either help or inhibit this colonization process. Monocytes are one of the earliest cell types to
flood the lung during the beginning of metastasis. These monocytes eventually become tumor-supporting
metastasis-associated macrophages (MAMs), and many studies in the field have reported that monocytes and
MAMs actively aid metastatic cancer to infiltrate the lung and take residence there. My project aims to
understand how monocytes differentiate into MAMs; in particular, what signals and factors are critical for this
transition to occur in the lung. Furthermore, from my preliminary data, I have identified a time window during
which monocytes have undergone clear phenotypic changes but have not yet fully developed into MAMs.
Interestingly, this transition period also coincides with the anti-tumor activity of other immune cell types, such
as natural killer (NK) cells. Therefore, I aim to study the interactions between pro-tumoral monocytes and anti-
tumoral NK cells during the first several hours of cancer metastasis to the lung. By understanding how the
mechanisms that underlie these interactions help to increase the odds of metastatic establishment in the lung, I
will be able to contribute valuable insights towards novel therapeutic efforts to prevent metastasis.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10988233
- **Project number:** 5F31CA284549-02
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
- **Principal Investigator:** Minhee (Emily) Park
- **Activity code:** F31 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $44,483
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2023-09-28 → 2025-12-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10988233

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10988233, Differentiation and function of transitional monocytes in cancer metastasis to the lung (5F31CA284549-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-25 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10988233. Licensed CC0.

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