# Airway distensibility and lung inflation effects on the maximal expiratory flow volume curve in elderly adults

> **NIH NIH R21** · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · 2024 · $235,026

## Abstract

PROJECT SUMMARY
Both the total number of elderly persons and the incidence of lung disease will increase in the coming decades.
It is vital that we define the normal physiological changes that take place in the aging respiratory system. Peak
lung function occurs in early adulthood and progressively declines with age. The decreased lung function is
readily apparent in the maximal expiratory flow volume curve (MEFV), depicting decreases in maximal expiratory
airflow (MEF) at all lung volumes in elderly adults. Clinically, the reduced MEF is attributed to a concomitant,
progressive loss of lung elastic recoil. However, in young-to-middle aged adults, the inhalation to total lung
capacity that precedes a maximal forced expiration causes a transient airway dilation. The deep inflation-induced
airway dilation results in higher MEF than can be achieved in the absence of the deep inflation (DI). The effects
of normal aging on the dynamic interaction between a DI and MEF is not known. This is problematic, since the
MEFV curve is interpreted assuming that the airway response to a DI is equal across the aging spectrum. We
hypothesize that one cause of the decreased MEF with aging is a blunted airway dilatory effect of a DI. If this
hypothesis is true, it would indicate that the MEFV curve exaggerates the reduced MEF in elderly adults. Three
specific aims will test our hypothesis. Aim 1 will compare the effect of a DI on the MEFV curve in young and
elderly adults. We hypothesize that a DI will increase MEF in young adults whereas it will decrease MEF in
elderly adults. The effect of a DI on airway caliber will be quantified by comparing MEF after a DI with MEF during
a forced expiration begun at normal end-inspiratory lung volume (maximal:partial [M:P]). All M:P measurements
will be analyzed at 40% of vital capacity. Aim 2 will determine the effect of aging on the bronchodilatory effect of
a DI. In young adults, a DI exerts a bronchodilatory effect on airways that have been constricted by inhaled
methacholine (airway smooth muscle agonist). We hypothesize that the bronchodilatory effect of a DI will be
reduced in elderly adults. Inhaled methacholine will be used to cause bronchoconstriction. M:P measurements
will be used to determine the magnitude of DI-induced bronchodilation (as in SA1). If findings support our
hypothesis, they will provide evidence that aging is associated with the loss of an essential mechanism for
preserving airway function. Aim 3 will compare airway distensibility in young and elderly adults. We hypothesize
that airway distensibility will be lower in elderly adults than young adults. Using impulse oscillometry, airway
distensibility will be quantified as the change in airway conductance relative to the change in lung volume
(∆Grs/∆VL), [l·cmH2O-1·s-1·l-1]). These experiments will generate insight into the effects of aging on the strength
of coupling between the airways and the surrounding elastic tissues. This proposal will generate no...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10988957
- **Project number:** 1R21AG083488-01A1
- **Recipient organization:** WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** Hans Christian HAVERKAMP
- **Activity code:** R21 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $235,026
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2024-09-01 → 2026-06-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10988957

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10988957, Airway distensibility and lung inflation effects on the maximal expiratory flow volume curve in elderly adults (1R21AG083488-01A1). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10988957. Licensed CC0.

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