# Addressing racial and ethnic disparities in diabetes risk after varying glycemia levels during pregnancy

> **NIH NIH F31** · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · 2024 · $48,965

## Abstract

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
Diabetes is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States. Gestational diabetes mellitus
(GDM), which is diabetes that is first diagnosed and recognized during pregnancy, is a strong risk factor for
future development of type 2 diabetes. In the US, a two-step diagnostic process is used to diagnose GDM: a
screening test (step 1), followed by a diagnostic test (step 2), which is offered to the subset of women that fail
the screening test. Only those that fail the diagnostic test are diagnosed with GDM. According to recent
evidence, women that fail the screening test and have normal diagnostic test results have an intermediate level
of gestational glucose intolerance (GGI), which is also a risk factor for diabetes. There are vast racial/ethnic
disparities in diabetes, GDM, and GGI. It is unknown if future diabetes risk after GDM and GGI differs
according to racial/ethnic groups and disaggregated subgroups (among Asian and Hispanic subgroups). Social
determinants of health, which are environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, and age, are
key to addressing these disparities. Neighborhoods are considered a key social determinant. Economic
disadvantages tend to cluster at the neighborhood level to cause inequitable opportunities for health
improvement, adversely affecting communities of color. It is unknown if neighborhood deprivation affects risk of
future diabetes after GDM or GGI. There are interventions that exist to lower future diabetes risk after GDM
including screening, lifestyle, nutritional, and pharmaceutical interventions. However, there are barriers to
women accessing these interventions including lack of social support and lack of frequent interactions with
clinicians. Community midwifery, with its unique comprehensive perinatal care model, including up to six post-
partum visits, presents an opportunity to address these barriers among individuals with GDM. Currently, there
is no research assessing how community midwives support women with GDM to prevent future diabetes.
Thus, the main goal of my study is to identify opportunities to address racial/ethnic disparities in
diabetes after GDM and GGI. The specific aims are to: Aim 1) Ascertain risk of future diabetes after GDM and
GGI overall, and by racial/ethnic groups and disaggregated Asian and Hispanic subgroups; Aim 2) Investigate
if risk of future diabetes after GDM and GGI is modified by levels of neighborhood level deprivation, overall,
and by racial/ethnic groups and disaggregated subgroups; and Aim 3) Assess how community midwifery care
supports individuals with GDM during the perinatal period to lower their future diabetes risk, especially among
historically minoritized racial/ethnic subgroups. Findings from this research may identify racial/ethnic groups
and subgroups at high risk for developing diabetes after GDM and GGI and inform culturally tailored, targeted,
neighborhood and clinical perinatal interventions to lowe...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 10997204
- **Project number:** 1F31DK141235-01
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
- **Principal Investigator:** Mounika Parimi
- **Activity code:** F31 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $48,965
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2024-07-01 → 2027-06-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10997204

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 10997204, Addressing racial and ethnic disparities in diabetes risk after varying glycemia levels during pregnancy (1F31DK141235-01). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-26 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/10997204. Licensed CC0.

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