Project Summary/Abstract: Over 130,000 Puerto Ricans have migrated to the US since Hurricane María in 2017. They comprise a growing population of individuals and families who migrate due to threats on their life, safety, or health (henceforth referred to as crisis migrants). The number of crisis migrants being displaced by cascading disasters—the accumulation of damage and crises without the capacity to recover from the previous one—is increasing due to climate change. Studies on the mental health of crisis migrant adults have identified many challenges faced by displaced individuals, including but not limited to, language barriers, healthcare disruptions, unemployment, food insecurity, and residential instability. However, research on crisis migrant mental health has focused primarily on the time immediately following resettlement, with little known about longer-term outcomes. There is also evidence that the effects of cascading disasters on child mental health are strongly influenced by the response of adult caregivers, underscoring the need for longitudinal research on crisis migration within family units. Puerto Ricans currently make up an estimated 5.4% of the Florida population, which is the largest concentration of Puerto Ricans outside of the island. In the context of crisis migration to the US, very little is known about relationships between basic needs insecurity, mental health, and family dynamics over time. The proposed R36 will be the first known study to examine relationships between residential instability, neighborhood cohesion and safety, mental health, and family functioning of Spanish-speaking crisis migrants in the US. The long-term goal of this research is to inform policy priorities to improve the mental health and address basic needs of crisis migrant families who experienced cascading disasters. The specific aims of this R36 are: (1) To examine how the contextual stressors of residential instability and neighborhood cohesion and safety predict mental health over time among Puerto Rican crisis migrant adults; (2) To identify, using latent class growth (LCG) modeling, (a) subgroups by parent/child perceptions of family functioning and contextual stressors, and (b) their combined influence on individual mental health outcomes; and (3) To explore, using in-depth qualitative data, the roles of residential instability and neighborhood cohesion and safety in shaping the lived experiences and family well-being of Puerto Rican crisis migrants. The proposed research is innovative as it is the first known study to use a mixed methods design to understand residential instability, family dynamics, and mental health of Puerto Rican crisis migrants. It is significant as results can inform development of evidence-based interventions and policies to reduce mental health disparities and improve system-level resources for crisis migrant families who experience cascading disasters. Given the expected rise in climate-related migration, this w...