Development of a behavioral economic Intervention to improve HIV-related behaviors among sexual minority men.

NIH RePORTER · NIH · R34 · $264,091 · view on reporter.nih.gov ↗

Abstract

Abstract Sexual Minority Men (SMM), particularly SMM 18-34 years old are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States (U.S), accounting for 68% new HIV diagnoses in the U.S. Moreover, over half of new HIV diagnosis among SMM were among those 18-34 years old. There are many effective ways to prevent HIV, including daily oral PrEP. However, PrEP adherence rates among SMM consistently fall short of the optimal adherence thresholds. Drug use, particularly methamphetamine use, is associated with PrEP nonadherence. Engaging in safe sex (such as consistent condom use) is another effective HIV prevention method. Yet, methamphetamine, often used by some SMM during sex, makes people less cautious and more likely to engage in sexual risk behaviors (SRBs, e.g., condomless anal sex (CAS)) increasing the risk of HIV transmission. Taken together, PrEP nonadherence, methamphetamine use and engaging in SRBs all represent suboptimal choices that fit into the behavioral economic concepts of preferring immediate rewards over future benefits (delayed discounting) and overvaluation of rewards (demand). Past studies indicate that people who are not adherent to medications, those who use drugs and those who engage in SRBs often have high levels of delayed discounting and demand. Therefore, an intervention targeting delayed discounting and demand may also positively benefit PrEP nonadherence, methamphetamine use and SRBs. Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) is a novel intervention that has shown promising results in improving delayed discounting, demand, substance use, and medication adherence but has not been tested among SMM. The current project aims are to refine (Aim 1) and assess (Aim 2) the feasibility and acceptability of EFT for improving delayed discounting, demand, PrEP nonadherence, methamphetamine use, and SRBs among SMM. In Aim 1 (Phase 1), we will conduct formative evaluation of the EFT by enrolling n=10 SMM with recent (i.e. in the past three months): PrEP nonadherence, methamphetamine use and CAS (or recent STI diagnosis) to participate in semi-structured interviews to solicit feedback and explore aspects of the intervention that need to be refined. In Aim 1 (Phase 2), we will use findings from Phase 1 to modify elements of the EFT, resulting in a refined EFT. In Aim 2, we will conduct a six-month pilot randomized controlled trial comparing EFT versus a control condition (brief information and supportive counseling) in a sample of 60 SMM, using a 1:1 randomization to each group. EFT and control condition will be delivered on participants smartphone using an ecological momentary intervention platform. Primary outcomes will be the feasibility, and acceptability of the EFT intervention, alongside preliminary efficacy of the EFT on improving delayed discounting, demand, PrEP nonadherence, methamphetamine use and SRBs. Findings from this study will provide preliminary data and lay the groundwork for conducting a larger-scale (R01) trial to formally deter...

Key facts

NIH application ID
11009270
Project number
1R34DA060078-01A1
Recipient
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER
Principal Investigator
Chukwuemeka Nkemakonam Okafor
Activity code
R34
Funding institute
NIH
Fiscal year
2024
Award amount
$264,091
Award type
1
Project period
2024-09-15 → 2027-08-31