# Validation of Endopep-MS for qualitative detection of BoNT/A, /C, /CD, /D, and /DC in animal specimens and feed.

> **NIH FDA U18** · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · 2024 · $49,689

## Abstract

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
Botulism is a serious paralytic disease that affects both humans and animals which is caused by botulinum
toxins (BoNTs). Animal botulism outbreaks in farm animals, in particular, not only affects animals but also
result in financial losses for the industry and increases the risk of human exposure to BoNTs through animal
products such as milk. To prepare for a response to the future outbreaks, a fast, sensitive, and reliable
detection method for BoNTs is needed. The Endopep-MS method is one of the most promising methods that
has been used for confirmation of human botulism by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
for years. However, a comprehensive validation study of the Endopep-MS for animal specimens and feed is
lacking, and none of the veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the US have standard procedures for performing
this method. To fill the knowleage gap, our team at the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory
(CAHFS), a founding member of VET-LIRN, is proposing a comprehensive validation study of the Endopep-MS
for qualitative detection of BoNT/A, /C, /CD, /D, and /DC in animal specimens and feed. Our study has three
specific aims as follows.
Specific Aim #1: To validate the Endopep-MS for qualitative detection of BoNT/A, /C, /CD, /D, and /DC
in animal specimens and feed. We will validate and compare the developed method to the standard mouse
bioassay (MBA) using toxin-spiked samples and archived samples collected during natural botulism cases.
The sample matrices include but are not limited to animal sera, liver, gastrointestinal contents, and feed.
Specific Aim #2: To develop monoclonal antibodies for the toxin extraction step in the Endopep-MS
method. Monoclonal antibodies are key for the Endopep-MS to achieve selectivity toward BoNT serotypes in
samples. Since there is currently only one source of the monoclonal antibodies in the US, we will collaborate
with Dr. Christina Tam at United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and develop new monoclonal
antibodies for the method.
Specific Aim #3: To assess the effectiveness of polyclonal antibodies for the toxin extraction step in
the Endopep-MS method. The limited source of monoclonal antibodies can delay research development and
adoption of this method, an issue we have experienced ourselves. Alternately, polyclonal antibodies are
commercially available but the ability of polyclonal antibodies for BoNTs extraction has not been completely
explored. We will complete this knowledge gap by investigating capability of polyclonal antibodies for
extraction of BoNT/C, /CD, /D, and /DC.
If this project is funded and achieved, the lethal and time-consuming MBA that has been performed at CAHFS
for close to 30 years can be avoided. Our laboratory, as part of the Vet-LIRN, will have the Endopep-MS ready
to support botulism testing during outbreaks and large-scale animal feed emergency events.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 11075633
- **Project number:** 1U18FD008342-01
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
- **Principal Investigator:** Karyn Bischoff
- **Activity code:** U18 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** FDA
- **Fiscal year:** 2024
- **Award amount:** $49,689
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 2024-09-01 → 2026-08-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/11075633

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 11075633, Validation of Endopep-MS for qualitative detection of BoNT/A, /C, /CD, /D, and /DC in animal specimens and feed. (1U18FD008342-01). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-24 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/11075633. Licensed CC0.

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