# Advancing Bio-Realistic Modeling via the Brain Modeling ToolKit and SONATA Data Format

> **NIH NS U24** · ALLEN INSTITUTE · 2026 · $676,449

## Abstract

Advancing Bio-Realistic Modeling via the Brain Modeling ToolKit and SONATA Data Format
One of the major goals of the BRAIN Initiative is to distill complex, multi-modal data into predictive frameworks
via theory/modeling. As the planning document "BRAIN 2025: A Scientific Vision" urges, “theory and modeling
should be woven into successive stages of ongoing experiments, enabling bridges to be built from single cells
to connectivity, population dynamics, and behavior.” However, data-driven, bio-realistic modeling is not widely
practiced, in part because the field needs software supporting such complex modeling and standards for model
sharing and reproducibility.
The Allen Institute has developed two powerful tools addressing these needs. One is the Brain Modeling
ToolKit (BMTK) – a software suite for model building and simulation at multiple levels of resolution, from
networks of biophysically detailed neuronal models, to point-neuron networks, to population-statistics
approaches. The other one is the SONATA (Scalable Open Network Architecture TemplAte) data format,
which provides computationally efficient solutions for storing and exchanging data describing all stages of the
modeling workflow (e.g., structure of model networks, configuration of simulations, simulation outputs). These
tools were developed in coordination with many initiatives, such as NEURON, NEST, Neurodata Without
Borders, NeuroML, PyNN, NetPyNE, and the Human Brain Project. As a result, BMTK and SONATA enable
many applications and have generated substantial interest, with many users already employing these tools.
Most recently, BMTK and SONATA were instrumental in integrating diverse data from the Allen Institute and
from the literature into some of the most sophisticated and bio-realistic models of a brain region to date.
We propose to build a comprehensive user support and dissemination platform for BMTK and SONATA and
help integrate these tools into model building and simulation practices in the

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 11318934
- **Project number:** 5U24NS124001-05
- **Recipient organization:** ALLEN INSTITUTE
- **Principal Investigator:** ANTON  ARKHIPOV; Emad  Tajkhorshid
- **Activity code:** U24 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NS
- **Fiscal year:** 2026
- **Award amount:** $676,449
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2021-09-01T00:00:00 → 2027-02-28T00:00:00

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/11318934

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 11318934, Advancing Bio-Realistic Modeling via the Brain Modeling ToolKit and SONATA Data Format (5U24NS124001-05). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-07-10 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/11318934. Licensed CC0.

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