Project Summary/Abstract This is a revised application to request continued funding for a two-day clinician-scientist mentoring symposium entitled “Combining Clinical and Research Careers in Neuroscience (CCRC)”, which just completed its 14th year. This program is offered by the AUPN, NINDS, ANA, AAN, and the CNS. The AUPN, ANA, AAN and CNS serve as supporters of this program through financial contributions that are expected to continue. The CCRC symposium was first offered in 2003 by the AUPN and NINDS to meet a need to increase the number of clinician scientists, specifically in neurology. The number of physician-scientists funded with NIH “R” grants has remained flat for the past 20 years, and the current demographics, lack of diversity, and challenges with career progression, all portend a growing crisis of a physician-scientist shortfall. The specific aims for this symposium are to: 1) encourage medical students with research experience (single degree MD students) and those with some formal research training (MD/PhD; MD/MPH) to pursue further research in the neurosciences along with their clinical training; 2) describe and discuss strategies for successfully melding clinical and research careers including navigating residencies, fellowship and transitions to faculty status, along with mechanisms available for obtaining long term training and research support; 3) connect the students with each other and faculty mentors representing a spectrum of stages of career development, training paths, and clinical neuroscience specialties so that they can explore potential paths for their own careers and develop in informal network for ongoing support; 4) monitor outcomes including the career trajectories of past course participants. The CCRC symposium provides a number of sessions relevant to a physician-scientist's career, updates are continually made based on feedback, continues to include high quality speakers, and provides ample opportunities for networking. Course organizers strive to provide equal representation of applicants from across the country as well as having as many institutions represented as possible. As of 2017, the CCRC application was updated to include optional questions on gender, nationality and disability, all of which are taken into consideration when selecting applicants. The 2018 course included many improvements based on the feedback from the Summary Statement provided by the previous grant reviewers in December of 2017, including several innovations designed to better fit the needs and expectations of attendees. Based on the very enthusiastic annual course evaluations and survey results of previous attendees (testimonials can be found at www.aupn.org, CCRC Symposium), as well as the sustained high number of applicants, the CCRC course is a very successful program.