# Effect of the Housing and Urban Development’s Smokefree Public Housing Rule on Air Quality and Health in the District of Columbia

> **NIH NIH R01** · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2020 · $702,855

## Abstract

Abstract
The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the U.S. Housing and Urban Development's
(HUDs) smoke-free public housing rule, effective August 3, 2018, in the District of Columbia Housing Authority.
The rule prohibits lit tobacco products and hookah use in all living units, common areas, administrative office
buildings, and outdoor areas up to 25 feet in all public housing facilities. A primary goal of the rule is to create
healthier homes for families living in public housing. Tobacco use control laws that prohibit smoking in public
places have helped reduce smoking prevalence by 40% and exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke
by 71%. Even with declines in these indicators for the general population, progress has been considerably
slower for low-income, racial and ethnic minorities who experience disproportionate harm from smoking and
secondhand smoke exposure. Homes remain a significant source of SHSe due, in part, to the substantial
amount of time adults and children spend in the home. SHSe is particularly problematic in multiunit housing,
where secondhand smoke can enter non-smoking units through ventilation systems and other means. While a
few studies suggest positive effects of smoke-free public housing on indoor air quality, SHSe, and smoking
cessation, limitations exist. Namely, longitudinal studies with more than one post-intervention assessment,
studies evaluating the effect on short- and long-term health outcomes, and studies that include objective
measures of secondhand smoke exposure are needed. This study addresses the methodological limitations of
current evaluation studies and is designed to evaluate the effect of HUDs rule specifically. A qualitative
approach will be used to document the implementation process of the rule. A quantitative approach will be
used to evaluate the effects of the rule on SHSe and health outcomes of adults and children. The evaluation
will include three cohorts: a cohort of residences to assess the effect of HUDs policy on SHSe, a cohort of
smoking adults to assess effects of the rule on smoking behavior, and a cohort of youth with asthma to assess
effects of the rule on children's respiratory health. Baseline data collection will occur prior to August 2018, and
funding from the proposed study will be used for four post-implementation assessments (up to 24-months post
rule). Differential effects of the rule will be examined across family and senior/disabled communities.
Evaluating this rule is critical, given that over 2 million public housing residents will be effected and the
potential for this rule to reduce tobacco-related health disparities. Processes found to be effective in the current
study have the potential to accelerate the implementation of tobacco control policies in the future.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 9838162
- **Project number:** 5R01CA226074-02
- **Recipient organization:** GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
- **Principal Investigator:** Debra H Bernat
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $702,855
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2018-12-15 → 2021-11-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9838162

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 9838162, Effect of the Housing and Urban Development’s Smokefree Public Housing Rule on Air Quality and Health in the District of Columbia (5R01CA226074-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/9838162. Licensed CC0.

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