Understanding G alpha q/11 localization and trafficking in uveal melanoma

NIH RePORTER · NIH · F31 · $45,520 · view on reporter.nih.gov ↗

Abstract

Project Summary/Abstract Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor malignancy in adults, however no effective therapies are available for metastatic uveal melanoma patients. This results in an average survival of 2-8 months. Constitutively active mutations in Gαq and Gα11 have been reported in up to 83% of uveal melanomas, however no inhibitors are available for constitutively active Gαq or Gα11. The purpose of this study is to (1) understand the role of palmitoylation in localization and signaling of constitutively active Gαq/11 in uveal melanoma cells and (2) to determine if targeting palmitoylation of Gαq/11 can prevent Gαq/11-dependent signaling and growth. Using immunofluorescence microscopy and cellular fractionation of HEK 293 cells and uveal melanoma cells, constitutively active GαqQ209L shows decreased localization at membranes compared to wild type Gαq, suggesting increased turnover of attached palmitate. Moreover, a palmitoylation-deficient GαqQ209L displays a complete loss of plasma membrane localization and an inability to signal as measured by YAP translocation into the nucleus, TEAD- dependent luciferase activity, and ERK phosphorylation. The loss of signaling in the palmitoylation-deficient mutant may result from its inability to localize to membranes. These studies demonstrate that palmitoylation of mutationally activated Gαq/11 is required for its signaling functions, providing a novel target to consider for inhibition of activated Gαq/11 in uveal melanoma.

Key facts

NIH application ID
9841909
Project number
5F31CA224803-03
Recipient
THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY
Principal Investigator
Clinita Randolph
Activity code
F31
Funding institute
NIH
Fiscal year
2020
Award amount
$45,520
Award type
5
Project period
2018-01-01 → 2020-12-31