# Higher Precision Human and Mouse Transcriptomes

> **NIH NIH UM1** · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · 2020 · $3,002,715

## Abstract

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
It is said that if the genome represents the set of things that the cell could say, then the transcriptome
represents the set of things that the cell is saying right now. The transcriptome is the primary read-out of the
genome and is composed mainly of mRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and microRNAs. At all stages of life, in
health and in disease, differences in the transcriptome causally define and distinguish each cell type and cell
state. The mission of the ENCODE Consortium is to discover, map and define all genes and their regulatory
elements. RNA-Seq data and the resulting transcriptomes have therefore been a prominent component of prior
phases of ENCODE, and our groups have contributed over 350 released poly(A) mRNA and microRNA
datasets for the project. Valuable and high quality as those data are, we are new technologies will allow us to
produce a new generation of transcriptomes that are much more information rich and definitive. Specifically,
they resolve the multiple different cell types that comprise complex tissues, and they resolve the molecular
isoforms in the data. They qualitatively document long-range single molecule splicing and end processing and
we provide companion quantification of microRNAs, plus discovery of their often-undocumented precursor
RNAs. Finally, we map RNA secondary structure across the transcriptome in vivo. We propose to contribute
300 new, higher precision transcriptomes containing these measurement types and their integrated analysis.
A portion of this study focuses on aging humans and mice, a whole life cycle stage that has not previously
been studied in ENCODE. The corresponding disease component will contrast the cognitively normal old with
Alzheimers dementia in the brain and in the motor system.
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## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 9867737
- **Project number:** 5UM1HG009443-04
- **Recipient organization:** CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
- **Principal Investigator:** Seyed Ali Mortazavi
- **Activity code:** UM1 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $3,002,715
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2017-02-01 → 2023-01-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9867737

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 9867737, Higher Precision Human and Mouse Transcriptomes (5UM1HG009443-04). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-23 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/9867737. Licensed CC0.

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