# Effect of Tobacco Advocacy at the State Level

> **NIH NIH R01** · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · 2020 · $557,063

## Abstract

PROJECT SUMMARY
Tobacco use remains the nation's leading cause of preventable death. The emergence of e-cigarettes and
legalized marijuana use, and the increasing concentration of tobacco use among some racial and ethnic
groups, poor people, people with mental illness, and young adults are all changing the environment in which
tobacco control efforts take place. High quality state and local tobacco control policies and programs not only
prevent tobacco use and disease, but can be an important component of health care cost containment, a key
concern at all levels of government and in the private sector. The tobacco industry continues to work to stop or
blunt these efforts' effectiveness. All tobacco control programs are not equally effective at reducing smoking
and health care costs, making it important to quantify the effects of tobacco control policies and programs.
Our research will inform the development and implementation of effective tobacco control policies and
programs in this rapidly changing environment through three specific aims:
1. Identify and analyze the new challenges to state and local tobacco control policymaking and program
 implementation to inform the development of effective responses to these challenges.
2. Identify policy and demographic determinants of smoking initiation, progression and cessation, including
 smokefree policy coverage and cigarette taxes, as well as variation in these determinants by race/ethnicity
 and socioeconomic status.
3. Quantify the magnitude and quality of tobacco control program spending across states and the relationship
 between associated changes in smoking behavior and healthcare expenditures.
We will pursue Aim 1 through a series of detailed case studies of the development and effects of state tobacco
control policies and programs on tobacco use. For Aim 2 we will merge national datasets, beginning with the
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, with policy data on clean indoor air laws, tobacco taxes, price and
demographic variables to develop new models of smoking behavior that will provide a framework for better
understanding how these policies affect individual behavior and health disparities. We will pursue Aim 3 using
modern econometric methods to quantify the effects of state tobacco control programs, allowing for differences
in program effectiveness on smoking behavior and, in turn, the effects of both smoking and tobacco control
programs on health care costs. This more sophisticated understanding of what tobacco control policies and
programs are most effective, together with understanding the tobacco industry's evolving efforts to block these
policies, will help public health professionals develop, implement, and defend effective tobacco control policies
and strategies that respond to this changing environment.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 9893866
- **Project number:** 5R01DA043950-27
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
- **Principal Investigator:** Dorothy Elinor Apollonio
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $557,063
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 1994-07-01 → 2022-06-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9893866

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 9893866, Effect of Tobacco Advocacy at the State Level (5R01DA043950-27). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-25 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/9893866. Licensed CC0.

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