# Graded Intensity Aerobic Exercise to Improve Cerebrovascular Function and Performance in Aged Veterans

> **NIH VA I01** · VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION · 2020 · —

## Abstract

To address the growing healthcare challenges of an aging Veteran population it is critical to understand
effective rehabilitation techniques that mitigate age-related co-morbidity and improve quality of life. To date,
exercise is one of a few proven interventions that attenuates age-related declines in brain health and function.
A consistent but unexplained finding in many of these studies is a change in the cortical activation pattern
during task, assessed using blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal with fMRI that corresponds with
improved task performance. Two key metrics of cerebrovascular health and functioning that are underexplored
but may influence the documented changes in the BOLD response that is observed with post-aerobic activity
are: 1) changes in resting or basal cerebral blood flow (perfusion) to key brain regions; and 2) changes in the
ability of cerebrovasculature to dilate in the face of increased demand, termed cerebrovascular reactivity
(CVR). Our goal is to quantify the impact of aerobic exercise on cerebrovascular function and how both
perfusion and CVR contributes to the BOLD signal during task-based fMRI. Consistent with our previous aging
and exercise studies participants will complete one of two conditions; 1) an aerobic, interval-training
intervention (Spin; n= 44), or 2) a non-aerobic, stretching control condition (Control; n=44). Cardiovascular
fitness, arterial spin labeling for basal cerebral perfusion, CVR, task-based fMRI (cognitive-executive and
motor), and behavioral outcomes will be assessed before and after the interventions. The specific aims will
determine the effect of a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention on changes in cerebral perfusion and CVR in
older Veterans. We hypothesize that compared to the Control group, the aerobically-trained group will have
increased basal perfusion and CVR in areas that demonstrate age-related decline and that have been
demonstrated to be malleable to aerobic exercise (inferior frontal and motor cortices).
 Research over the last few decades have driven the continual promotion of exercise as one of the most
impactful interventions of central nervous system health and function. At the forefront of much of this research
is the use of task-based fMRI BOLD to quantify beneficial changes in cortical function following aerobic
exercise. While transformative, the true impact of this research is limited in scope until we can define the
influence of cerebrovascular function on the well-documented beneficial change in BOLD response. We do
know that older adults who are physically active have improved vascular health but we do not know the full
impact of an exercise intervention on cerebrovascular health. If our hypotheses of improved perfusion and
CVR is supported it would inform current intervention strategies and would add important additional information
about the potential of exercise to improve brain health in aging. This would have implications for aging
Veterans at risk f...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 9900570
- **Project number:** 5I01RX002825-02
- **Recipient organization:** VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
- **Principal Investigator:** Joe Robert Nocera
- **Activity code:** I01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** VA
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** —
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2019-04-01 → 2023-03-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9900570

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 9900570, Graded Intensity Aerobic Exercise to Improve Cerebrovascular Function and Performance in Aged Veterans (5I01RX002825-02). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-22 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/9900570. Licensed CC0.

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