# Novel Point of Care assays for Urinary Diagnostics of Nephritis

> **NIH NIH R01** · UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON · 2020 · $336,756

## Abstract

Project Summary/Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (“Lupus”) is a systemic autoimmune disease that leads to chronic inflammation
in multiple organs including the kidneys. Patients commonly have exacerbations of the disease (kidney
nephritis “flares”) interspersed by quiescent intervals. Early detection and the prompt treatment of flares can
have a significant impact on the health and survival of patients, who are disproportionately female, Hispanic,
and/or African-American. Biopsy sampling of kidney tissues is the gold standard for Lupus diagnosis, but is
invasive and cannot be repeated frequently. In this context, blood or urine biomarkers that are predictive of
kidney pathology could be very useful, especially if they supported point-of-care or ideally at-home testing. We
have discovered and extensively validated lupus flare-correlated blood and urine diagnostic biomarkers in a
protein screen of unprecedented scale, extending across 4 ethnic groups of patients (African American,
Caucasian, Hispanic and Chinese). The urine markers perform better than conventional laboratory markers for
Lupus and show potential to track with disease activity over time. While urine is an easy sample to give, urine
biomarker concentrations must be corrected for their dilution by urine production. The molecule traditionally
used for normalizing for urinary dilution, creatinine, is not very compatible with standard immunoassays, but we
have identified a protein whose concentration in urine closely correlates with that of creatinine and that can be
measured along with the flare markers. A point-of-care (Doctor's office), or better yet, a home self-test, for
lupus flares could improve outcomes by expediting treatment. The natural format for such a test would be the
lateral-flow assay (LFA), which is widely used as the home pregnancy test. Current LFAs, however, either
require expensive equipment or lack the necessary sensitivity and quantitation. We propose to address this
problem with smartphone-based LFAs based on our new phosphorescent (“glow-in-the-dark”) nanoparticle
reporters. Motivating hypothesis: We hypothesize that the increased sensitivity and quantification ability of
nanophosphor-LFAs will enable patients or doctors to simply measure our new kidney nephritis flare
biomarkers in urine, and thus, address the unmet need for clinic/home monitoring of lupus nephritis flares.
Successful completion of this work also will provide a generally-useful platform technology for quantitative
smartphone LFA tests requiring no elaborate phone modifications (only a $10 slide-on attachment), and a new
method of urine marker normalization well suited to general use in LFA and ELISA. Specific Aims: We
propose: (Aim 1) To develop quantitative LFAs for urinary flare markers and creatinine-correlated normalizing
protein; (Aim 2) To integrate multiple marker and normalizing protein tests into a user-friendly system with
software error-catching, barcode reading, and quality cont...

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 9989796
- **Project number:** 5R01AR072742-04
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
- **Principal Investigator:** CHANDRA MOHAN
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 2020
- **Award amount:** $336,756
- **Award type:** 5
- **Project period:** 2017-09-22 → 2022-07-31

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9989796

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 9989796, Novel Point of Care assays for Urinary Diagnostics of Nephritis (5R01AR072742-04). Retrieved via AI Analytics 2026-05-23 from https://api.ai-analytics.org/grant/nih/9989796. Licensed CC0.

---

*[NIH grants dataset](/datasets/nih-grants) · CC0 1.0*