PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT This NIH R13 application requests partial support for the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) 5th International Conference on Retinoids that will be held at Loews Ventana Resort, Tuscon, AZ from June 14, 2020 to June 19, 2020. The FASEB Science Research Conference on Retinoids has been held every other year since 1982 where the meeting planned for 2020 will be the 20th FASEB Science Research Conference on Retinoids. This biennial research conference has been very well attended (ranging from 100 to 200 attendees over the past 38 years) and remains the only major national and international conference committed to focus on the studies of retinoids, and to comprehensively address the broad spectrum of retinoid actions and application in an integrative manner. While the mechanisms of action and the biological functions of retinoids have been intensively studied, there is an increasing need for understanding and applying retinoids in human nutrition and diseases. Currently, a great deal of research activity is supported by the NIH (the NIH RePORTER database indicates 1666 NIH funded individual research grants involving aspects of retinoid/vitamin A biology). The main topics to be addressed include both basic and translational fronts of retinoid biology: 3 sessions on retinoid mechanisms (I, Retinoid receptors, retinoid receptor-mediated biology; II, Retinoid metabolism, homeostasis, and enzymology; III, Development, stem cell and regenerative biology); 3 sessions on retinoids and disease (I, Immune disorders and immunology; II, Signaling and metabolic dysfunction; III, Cancer and related pathologies), and 2 sessions on molecular therapeutics (I, Retinoid mechanisms and novel targets; II, Rexinoids and novel pharmacological applications). The overall goal is to bring together a group of committed investigators (senior scientists, mid-career scientists, junior scientists, postdoctoral fellows, and graduate students), who work in diverse disciplines (as biochemists, molecular biologists, nutritional scientists, cancer researchers, vision researchers, stem cell biologists, biophysicists, structural biologists, immunologists, chemists, and clinicians) to present and discuss their latest research findings that share a common focus on the retinoids. To encourage new/young investigators and trainees to attend this meeting, we plan to offer six career- oriented training sessions and six meet-the-expert sessions. To increase visibility of trainees through oral presentations, we plan twenty-four 5-min capsule reports based on posters as well as five 5-min poster award presentations. This meeting has been strongly supported by NIH in the past. The 2020 Retinoid Conference will allow young investigators and trainees to obtain much needed updates on the current state of the various branches of the field and will most certainly stimulate their careers as well as collaborations with basic scientists and clinicia...