This NSF ERI project aims to develop new algorithms and solution approaches to optimize demand response strategies of wastewater treatment plant operators under uncertainty, focusing on the benefits and barriers of using on-site biogas generators in these programs. Wastewater treatment is an energy-intensive process, and biogas produced through anaerobic digestion is often flared but can be used to provide demand response by reducing or shifting the energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants. This project focuses on the key challenges of managing uncertainties within and the variability across treatment plants and demand response programs. The project will bring transformative change by providing wastewater treatment operators with optimal demand response strategies. Increasing demand flexibility will improve power grid reliability, particularly during periods of network stress. This will be achieved by developing an approach for characterizing the uncertainty in wastewater treatment and introducing novel optimization techniques to manage these uncertainties within a demand response scheduling optimization framework. The intellectual merits of the project include the development of new demand response strategies under uncertainty and quantifying the trade-offs between cost and feasibility for using biogas within wastewater treatment plants to provide demand response. The broader impacts of the project include reducing costs in both the electrical energy and wastewater