Artificial intelligence (AI) and computing hardware (HW) are rapidly reshaping industries and research fields, but their advancement is increasingly interdependent and facing growing challenges. As AI models become larger and more complex, they place significant demands on computing infrastructure, leading to rising energy consumption and performance bottlenecks. At the same time, new hardware technologies offer exciting but underutilized potential. This project brings together top experts from universities, government, and industry in a high-impact workshop to chart a national vision for the co-evolution of AI and hardware over the next decade. By identifying pressing research questions and long-term opportunities, this effort will help guide future investments in science and technology that advance national prosperity, security, and innovation. The proposed workshop will also strengthen cross-disciplinary collaboration and help educate a new generation of researchers working at the intersection of AI and hardware. This workshop, titled “AI + HW 2035: Shaping the Next Decade,” will define a 10-year research roadmap for the integrated advancement of artificial intelligence and hardware. The workshop will address critical technical challenges, including energy-efficient model architectures, the design of scalable and specialized accelerators, the integration of emerging devices such as analog and quantum hardware, and the automation of model-hardware co-design workflows. S