In March 2016, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC or Commission) published a consumer product safety standard for portable hook-on chairs based on the ASTM voluntary standard for portable hook-on chairs. Currently, CPSC's mandatory standard incorporates by reference ASTM F1235-18, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Portable Hook-on Chairs. The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) sets forth a process for updating mandatory standards for durable infant or toddler products that are based on a voluntary standard, when a voluntary standards organization revises the standard. In January 2026, ASTM published a revised voluntary standard. This direct final rule updates the mandatory standard for portable hook-on chairs to incorporate by reference the 2025 version of ASTM F1235.