{"url_path":"/sec/arec/10-k/2026/item-9a","section_key":"item-9a","section_title":"Item 9A Controls and Procedures**","topic":"sec","document":{"doc_type":"10-K","doc_date":"2026-05-20","source_url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1590715/0001477932-26-003317-index.html","accession_number":"0001477932-26-003317","cik":"0001590715","ticker":"AREC","issuer_name":"American Resources Corp","edgar_url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1590715/0001477932-26-003317-index.html","primary_entity_key":"0001590715","primary_entity_name":"American Resources Corp"},"word_count":654,"has_tables":true,"body_markdown":"**Item 9A. Controls and Procedures**\n\n \n\n**(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.**\n\n \n\nThe Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2025.\n\n \n\nDisclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.\n\n \n\nIn designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.\n\n \n\nBased on this evaluation, and because of the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting described below, management concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2025.\n\n \n\n \n\n15\n\n*Table of Contents*\n\n \n\n**(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.**\n\n \n\nThe management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a‑15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.\n\n \n\nAs of December 31, 2025, management, with the participation of the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria set forth in the Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).\n\n \n\nBased on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2025 due to the existence of the following material weakness:\n\n \n\nThe Company has an insufficient number of personnel to adequately segregate accounting and financial reporting duties. This lack of segregation of duties results in limited independent review of financial reporting processes, which resulted in material error adjustments and period end accounting corrections, technical accounting treatment and disclosure adjustments and additional risk that errors or misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.\n\n \n\nA material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Notwithstanding this material weakness, management believes the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report fairly present, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented.\n\n \n\nBecause of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements or fraud. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.\n\n \n\nThis Annual Report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit certain issuers to provide only management’s report.\n\n \n\n**(c) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting**\n\n \n\nThere were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting."}