{"url_path":"/sec/iht/10-k/2026/item-9a","section_key":"item-9a","section_title":"Item 9A CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES","topic":"sec","document":{"doc_type":"10-K","doc_date":"2026-05-19","source_url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/82473/0001493152-26-024361-index.html","accession_number":"0001493152-26-024361","cik":"0000082473","ticker":"IHT","issuer_name":"INNSUITES HOSPITALITY TRUST","edgar_url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/82473/0001493152-26-024361-index.html","primary_entity_key":"0000082473","primary_entity_name":"INNSUITES HOSPITALITY TRUST"},"word_count":1101,"has_tables":true,"body_markdown":"Item\n9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES\n\n \n\n**Evaluation\nof Disclosure Controls and Procedures**\n\n \n\nAs\nof the end of the period covered by this report, we conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management,\nincluding our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure\ncontrols and procedures. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under\nthe Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), means controls and other procedures of a company that\nare designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange\nAct is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Based on this\nevaluation, our Chief Executive Officer (CEO), and our Chief Financial Officer (CFO), concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures\nwere fully effective as of January 31, 2026.\n\n \n\nOur\nmanagement, including our CEO and CFO, do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent\nall error or fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance\nthat the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource\nconstraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Due to the inherent limitations in all control\nsystems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.\n\n \n\n**Management’s\nReport on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting**\n\n \n\nManagement\nis responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness\nof internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision\nof the Trust’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and effected by the Trust’s Board of Trustees, management\nand other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial\nstatements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.\n\n \n\nBecause\nof its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of\nany evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions,\nor that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.\n\n \n\n**Assessment\nof Internal Control over Financial Reporting**\n\n \n\nOur\nmanagement assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2026. In making this assessment,\nmanagement used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in\nInternal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on management’s assessment, management concluded our internal control over\nfinancial reporting was fully effective as of January 31, 2026.\n\n \n\n*Management’s\nRemediation Initiatives*\n\n \n\nIn\nan effort to remediate past deficiencies and enhance the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting, the Trust previously\nincreased its technical accounting expertise through an increasingly seasoned Chief Financial Officer, and in Fiscal Years 2023/2024\npromoting its Corporate Controller, and employing one or more full-time Senior Staff Accountants to assist with the Trust’s technical\naccounting and internal control issues. The CFO has extensive public company reporting experience, to further assist with the Trust’s\ntechnical accounting and internal controls.\n\n \n\nWe\nhave taken several appropriate and reasonable additional steps, as outlined above, to make the necessary improvements to our Accounting\nstaff and internal control over financial reporting, which resulted in management providing the support previously needed with the additional\nhiring and training of sufficient personnel with appropriate training and expertise in accounting principles generally accepted in the\nUnited States. This additional staffing and training has allowed us to make the necessary improvements, including:\n\n \n\n \n●\nContinuing\nto improve the control environment through (i) being staffed with sufficient number of personnel to address segregation of duties\nissues, ineffective controls and to perform control monitoring activities, (ii) increasing the level of GAAP knowledge, (iii) implementing\nformal process to account for non-standard transactions, and (iv) implementing and formalizing management oversight of financial\nreporting at regular intervals;\n\n \n \n \n\n \n●\nContinuing\nto update the documentation of our internal control processes, including implementing formal risk assessment processes and entity\nlevel controls;\n\n \n \n \n\n \n●\nImplementing\ncontrol activities that address relevant risks and assure that all transactions are subject to such control activities; Ensure systems\nthat impact financial information and disclosures have effective information technology controls;\n\n \n\n45\n\n \n\n \n\n \n●\nImplementing\nplan to increase oversight and review of ad hoc spreadsheets while also working to reduce their use;\n\n \n \n \n\n \n●\n\nWe\nare in the process of further enhancing the supervisory procedures to include additional levels of analysis and quality control reviews\nwithin the accounting and financial reporting functions;\n\n \n \n \n\n \n●\nIHT\npreviously strengthened the position of Chief Financial Officer (CFO), to assist with the Trust’s internal controls oversight;\n\n \n \n \n\n \n\n●\n\n \n\nIHT\npreviously filled the position of Controller, which has further assisted with the Trust’s\ninternal controls oversight, and process accounting; and\n\n \n\n \n●\n\nIHT\nplans to increase its management influence over its diversified UniGen and IBC investments, in the 2027 Fiscal Year ahead.\n\n \n\nWe\nbelieve that the remediation measures described above have and will continue to strengthen our internal control over financial reporting\nand remediate any material weaknesses that may be identified. These remediation efforts were implemented throughout Fiscal Year 2025,\nand early Fiscal Year 2026. Additional strengthening did take place in the balance of the Fiscal Year 2026, as well as well as the current\nFiscal Year 2027.\n\n \n\nOur\nmanagement believes that our financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended January 31, 2026\nfairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented and that\nthis report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements,\nin light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the periods covered by this report.\n\n \n\n**Changes\nin Internal Control over Financial Reporting**\n\n \n\nThere\nwere continued positive changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recently completed Fiscal Quarter ended\nJanuary 31, 2026, that have materially positively affected, or are reasonably likely to positively materially affect, our internal control\nover financial reporting. With the several additions aforementioned above, these new additions should assist with the Trust’s stability,\ntechnical accounting, and internal control issues."}