This document contains final regulations providing guidance under section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) to implement recent statutory changes to that section. More specifically, the final regulations amend the current like-kind exchange regulations to add a definition of real property to implement statutory changes limiting section 1031 treatment to like-kind exchanges of real property. The final regulations also provide a rule addressing a taxpayer's receipt of personal property that is incidental to real property the taxpayer receives in an otherwise qualifying like-kind exchange of real property. The final regulations affect taxpayers that exchange business or investment property for other business or investment property, and that must determine whether the exchanged properties are real property under section 1031.