The EPA is taking direct final action on amendments to the national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for new and existing refractory products manufacturing facilities, which were promulgated on April 16, 2003, under section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA). The amendments clarify the testing and monitoring requirements and startup and shutdown requirements for batch processes, make certain technical corrections, and add recent changes to be consistent with the NESHAP General Provisions.