EPA is promulgating treatment standards for hazardous wastes from the production of carbamate pesticides and from primary aluminum production under its Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) program. The purpose of the LDR program, authorized by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), is to minimize short- and long-term threats to human health and the environment due to land disposal of hazardous wastes. The Agency is also amending the treatment standards for hazardous wastes that exhibit the characteristic of reactivity. The rule also begins the process of amending existing treatment standards for wastewaters which are hazardous because they display the characteristic of ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. These wastes are sometimes treated in lagoons whose ultimate discharge is regulated under the Clean Water Act, and sometimes injected into deepwells which are regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Prior to today's rule, the treatment standard for these wastes required only removal of the characteristic property. Today's revised treatment standards require treatment, not only to remove the characteristic, but also to treat any underlying hazardous constituents which may be present in the wastes. Therefore, these revised treatment standards will minimize threats from exposure to hazardous constituents which may potentially migrate from these lagoons or wells. Finally, EPA is codifying as a rule its existing Enforcement Policy that combustion of inorganic wastes is an impermissible form of treatment because hazardous constituents are being diluted rather than effectively treated.