National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories; Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry

This action promulgates national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for new and existing sources in the portland cement manufacturing industry. This action also adds Method 320 for the measurement of vapor phase organic and inorganic emissions by extractive Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Method 321 for the measurement of gaseous hydrogen chloride emissions from portland cement kilns by FTIR spectroscopy to appendix A of part 63. Some of the hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) released from portland cement manufacturing facilities include, but are not limited to, acetaldehyde, arsenic, benzene, cadmium, chromium, chlorobenzene, dibenzofurans, formaldehyde, hexane, hydrogen chloride, lead, manganese, mercury, naphthalene, nickel, phenol, polycyclic organic matter, selenium, styrene, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, toluene, and xylenes. Exposure to these HAPs can cause reversible or irreversible health effects including carcinogenic, respiratory, nervous system, developmental, reproductive and/or dermal health effects. The EPA estimates that this final rule will reduce nationwide emissions of HAPs from portland cement manufacturing facilities by approximately 82 megagrams per year (Mg/yr) [90 tons per year (tpy)], and particulate matter (PM) by approximately 4,700 Mg/yr (5,200 tpy). These standards implement section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and are based on the Administrator's determination that portland cement manufacturing facilities may reasonably be anticipated to emit several of the 188 HAPs listed in section 112(b) of the CAA from the various process operations found within the industry. The final rule provides protection to the public by requiring portland cement manufacturing plants to meet emission standards reflecting the application of the maximum achievable control technology (MACT).